库尔勒香梨渣制备水溶性膳食纤维的工艺研究

以库尔勒香梨渣为原料,采用化学分离方法,通过单因素试验与正交试验,对制备水溶性膳食纤维的工艺条件进行了系统地研究.结果表明,利用香梨渣提取水溶性膳食纤维的最佳工艺条件是:浸提温度80℃,提取液pH值为2,反应时间90 min,料液比例1∶15.     

Molecular mapping and characterization of traits controlling fiber quality in cotton

Cotton (Gossypium spp) is the world's leading natural fiber crop. Genetic manipulation continues to play a key role in the improvement of fiber quality properties. By use of DNA-based molecular markers and a polymorphic mapping population derived from an inter specific cross between TM-1 (G. hirsutum) and 3-79 (G. barbadense), thirteen quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling fiber quality properties were identified in 3-79, an extra long staple (ELS) cotton. Four QTLs influenced bundle fiber strength, three influenced fiber length, and six influenced fiber fineness. These QTLs were located on different chromosomes or linkage groups and collectively explained 30% to 60%of the total phenotypic variance for each fiber quality property in the F₂ population. The effects and modes of action for the individual QTLs were characterized with 3-79 alleles in TM-1 genetic background. The results indicated more recessive than dominant, with much less additive effect in the gene mode. Transgressive segregation was observed for fiber fineness that could be beneficial to improvement of this trait. Molecular markers linked to fiber quality QTLs would be most effective in marker-assisted selection (MAS) of these recessive alleles in cotton breeding programs. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

An Overview on Fiberoptic Sensing Technology in Smart Civil Structure

The paper discuss the concept of fiberoptic smart civil structure,and analysis the principle of non destructive evaluation of civil structure with the help of embeded fiberoptic sensor in sensing the inner state and integrity of the structure.The typical experiment and development of fiberoptic sensing system in the health monitoring of dam,highway,bridge and buildings are overriewed.     

Bubbleless Aerated Membrane Bioreactor for Ramie Degumming Wastewater Treatment

Through introducing the principle of bubbleless aerated membrane bioreactor, the traditional membrane bioreactor was improved. It could be obtained that the removal efficiency of COD and NH3 - N in bubbleless aerated membrane bioreactor increased 4% and 2% than that in traditional membrane bioreactor, respectively. Adopting bubbleless aeration as reflushing air which not only increased DO in the MBR, but also advanced the oxygen utilization, and the energy consumption decreased as well.     

遮光对彩色棉的色泽及纤维品质的影响

通过对棕色棉和绿色棉不同发育时期棉铃的遮光处理,研究了遮光对彩色棉的纤维色泽和纤维品质的影响。结果表明,棕色棉和绿色棉在-5~55 DPA(开花后的天数)遮光后,其纤维还表现各自的纤维色泽,但其纤维色泽鲜艳度和稳定性在不同遮光时期有一定程度的差别。棕色棉在25DPA以前遮光的纤维颜色比对照变淡;绿色棉在不同生育期遮光后颜色比对照深。遮光对彩色棉和白色棉纤维品质的若干指标有一定的影响,在5~15DPA遮光的纤维都比不遮光的对照粗,在30DPA遮光的纤维长度和强度都较好,35DPA以后遮光的纤维长度和强度随遮光时间的延长越来越差,在45~50DPA套袋遮光后的纤维长度、强度和整齐度都比不遮光的要低得多。     

膳食纤维的生理功能及应用现状

介绍了膳食纤维的定义。系统地阐述了其生理功能和组成,并根据其溶解性和来源不同进行了分类,进一步介绍了膳食纤维的合理摄入量和其应用状况。     

陆地棉与7个野生棉杂种细胞学研究

分析了四倍体栽培种陆地棉与辣根棉、哈克尼西棉、旱地棉、雷蒙德氏棉、裂片棉、异常棉和司笃克克棉等二倍体野生棉种间杂种Ｆ１的细胞学，花粉母细胞中期Ｉ染色体平均构型依次为：１４．６２Ⅰ＋１１．９３Ⅱ＋０．１７Ⅲ、１４．２１Ⅰ＋１２．３６Ⅱ＋０．０２Ⅲ、１１．７０Ⅰ＋１３．５２Ⅱ＋０．０９Ⅲ、１３．５６Ⅰ＋１２．７２Ⅱ、１４．１０１＋１２．２７Ⅱ＋０．１２Ⅲ、２８．１９Ⅰ＋５．１６Ⅱ＋０．１６Ⅲ和３１．２     

中国科学家在棉花纤维发育研究领域取得最新进展

在最近短短的几年时间里,中国科学家群体在相关国家科学基金的支持下,利用功能基因组学技术手段在棉花纤维发育研究领域取得了令人瞩目的突破性进展,使我国在棉纤维发生发育的分子机制研究方面处于世界领先地位,其中重要的研究结果发表在国际著名的期刊《ThePlantCell》等杂志上。从分子水平弄清控制棉纤维细胞伸长的真正机制,对于棉花纤维的发生与伸长的调控以及高等植物的生长和形态的建成具有重要科学意义和显著的学术意义。通过棉花纤维发育的基础研究,建立了棉纤维品质分子改良的技术平台,同时为棉花分子育种提供了纤维品质改良的关键功能基因,为进一步显著提高棉花纤维品质,创制纤维品质优异的新材料奠定了重要的基础。     

Finite Element Analysis of Concrete Structures Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Sheet

Stress redistributes after the concrete structures strenthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer sheet. It is a question of secondary loading.Many scholars have studied it and got a lot of achievements.This paper summarizes the methods and analyzes their advantage and shortcoming. Based on it, a new method is proposed.The method is developing in large-scale general software-Ansys by using adding new elements, constitutive relationship, failure criterion,and so on.The calculation formula agrees with the experimental data.